Exercise B1: EOS (new construction)

Equations
Standards and recommendations
Weather data
Other data

Physical properties of construction materials
Overheating risk: diagrams
Daylight autonomy: diagram
Acceptable contrast within the visual field
Thermal renovation strategies

Gross heating needs CH

Transmission heat loss Q_T
Ventilation heat loss Q_V

Net heating needs CH

Internal gains Q_i
Solar gains Q_s

Net DHW needs
Overall needs

Standard operation conditions, according to building category
Heat losses reduction factors b₁, b₂
Efficiencies (or useful ratios) η_ch, η_ecs
Calculation variables C₀, a₀, t₀
Recommended illuminance levels

Weather data

Site :	Lausanne
Situation :	depression
Horizon :	astronomic
Inclination :	90°

Altitude :	618 m
Exposition :	South

θdim :	-6 °C

DTC [K*Ms] :	292 (per winter season)
DJ [K*jour] :	3380 (per winter season)

	ND [days]	θ_ext [°C]	GH [MJ/m²]	GVS [MJ/m²]	GS45° [MJ/m²]	GVE [MJ/m²]	GVW [MJ/m²]	GVN [MJ/m²]
January	31	1.7	115	176	184	82	82	55
February	28	2.2	174	214	243	116	116	76
March	30	5.9	327	305	395	198	198	124
April	22	8.9	433	298	452	245	245	155
May	13	13.3	565	311	535	307	307	202
June	0	16.5	607	302	549	323	323	219
July	0	20.3	675	343	625	358	358	226
August	0	19.7	570	353	576	312	312	185
September	0	16.1	407	338	471	233	233	135
October	19	11.5	249	272	331	151	151	91
November	29	5.9	124	169	186	80	80	52
December	31	3.2	99	165	168	69	69	4
Year	203	10.4	4345	3246	4715	2474	2474	1565

DTC and HDD calculation
DTC [KMs] = \[\sum\limits_{\mathop \theta \nolimits_e <\mathop \theta \nolimits_{encl} }^{} {(\mathop \theta \nolimits_i - \mathop \theta \nolimits_e )} \] [K] 0.0864 [Ms/day] * ND [heating days]
HDD [Kday] = \[\sum\limits_{\mathop \theta \nolimits_e <\mathop \theta \nolimits_{encl} }^{} {(\mathop \theta \nolimits_i - \mathop \theta \nolimits_e )} \] [K] ND [heating days]

Venue :	Chemin de Mornex 10 - Lausanne
Construction Date :	1993 - 1995
Volume :	29'910 m³ (SIA)
Footprint :	1270 m²
Total cost (CFC2) :	18 millions (520 CHF/m³ (SIA))
The building is composed of :	73 offices (106 employees) Conference and seminar rooms A cafeteria Underground level: archives, technical rooms and parking areas.

Occupation

Occupants number Np :	106
Surface per occupant :	44.5 m²
Presence duration tp :	1825 hours / year (i.e. on avg 6 hours / working day )

Surfaces

Gross heated floor area :				HFA =	4'732 m²	(c.f. SIA 180/4)

Envelope surfaces :
	Outdoors facing surfaces (Aext) :
		Walls			1'758 m²	U=0.32 [W/m²k]
		Windows	709 m²	South	285 m²	U=0.63 [W/m²k] *
				East	156 m²	"
				West	154 m²	"
				North	114 m²	"
		Roof			1'020 m²	U=0.28 [W/m²k]

				* this values includes both glazing and frame

	Surfaces against the ground (At) :
		Walls against the ground			344 m²	U=0.38 [W/m²k]

	Surfaces in contact with non-heated areas (Anc) :
		Floor against the parking area			1'020 m²	U=0.38 [W/m²k]

Windows features

Double glazing with selective coating :	U= 0.6 [W/m² K] g=0.55
Wood-metal frames :	U= 0.7 [W/m² K]
Shading fraction :	Fo= 0.45
Frame fraction :	fc= 0.25
Internal blinds fraction :	fv= 0

Technical equipment (HVAC, DHW, electricity)

Heating

Gas boiler 150 kW, annual consumption 1.160 [GJ]

Heated volume V= 11'355 [m³]

Domestic Hot Water (DHW)

Consumption : 20 [litres / person day] = 0.02 [m³/ person day]

Daily usage : 12 [h/day] = 0.0432 [Ms/day] with number of usage days NJecs = 365 [days / year]

Average difference between incoming water temperature(~12[°C]) and supply water temperature (~60[°C]) : Δθ = 48 [°C], [K]

Electricity

Yearly consumption : 56'500 [kWh/year]

Lighting

Lighting energy intensity in the offices : 9.4 [W/m²]

Photometric measurements (<=

)

Heat recovery

Rotary enthalpy heat exchanger "ECONOVENT"

Exchange efficiency: η_ech = 0.85

Specific electricity use of the heat recovery system : E_el = 0.45 [Wh/m³ of air]

Heat recovery rate : η_recup = 0.75